**Patient Information**  
Name: Mr Patient  
Age: 13 years  
Gender: Male  
Medical History: Not specified (entry "dfgdfg" is not interpretable)

**Presenting Symptom:**  
- Headache

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### 1. Potential Differential Diagnoses

In a 13-year-old male presenting with headache, consider the following common and serious causes:

**Primary Headache Disorders:**
- Migraine (with or without aura)
- Tension-type headache
- Cluster headache (rare in this age group)

**Secondary Headache Causes:**
- Viral or bacterial infection (e.g., sinusitis, upper respiratory infection, meningitis)
- Medication overuse or withdrawal
- Refractive error (vision problems)
- Trauma (concussion, subdural/epidural hematoma)
- Intracranial mass or space-occupying lesion
- Hypertension
- Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri)
- Dental problems (e.g., abscess)
- Dehydration

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### 2. Recommended Diagnostic Tests

**Initial Evaluation:**
- Thorough history and physical examination (including neurological exam, fundoscopic exam)
- Assessment for associated symptoms: fever, neck stiffness, photophobia, vomiting, visual changes, altered mental status, recent trauma

**Further Investigations (if indicated by history/exam):**
- CBC, CRP, ESR (if infection or inflammation suspected)
- Urinalysis (if systemic illness suspected)
- Lumbar puncture (if meningitis/encephalitis suspected)
- CT/MRI brain (if red flags present, abnormal neuro exam, or suspicion for mass/bleed)
- Ophthalmologic evaluation (if visual symptoms or papilledema)
- Blood pressure measurement

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### 3. Urgency Level

**Medium** (based on current information)

- **High urgency** if any red flags (see below) are present.
- **Low urgency** if headache is mild, intermittent, and without concerning features.

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### 4. Key Observations and Clinical Notes

- Symptom description is limited; further detail is needed regarding onset, duration, character, location, severity, aggravating/relieving factors, associated symptoms (fever, nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, visual changes, neck stiffness, recent trauma, etc.).
- No past medical history or medication use provided.
- No mention of recent illness or trauma.
- No neurological symptoms or signs described.

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### 5. Red Flags to Watch For

Immediate evaluation is warranted if any of the following are present:

- Sudden, severe ("worst ever") headache
- Headache with fever, neck stiffness, photophobia (meningitis/encephalitis)
- Altered mental status, confusion, seizures
- Focal neurological deficits (weakness, numbness, vision loss, ataxia)
- Papilledema or visual changes
- Headache triggered by Valsalva, cough, or exertion
- Recent head trauma
- Persistent vomiting
- Headache waking patient from sleep or worse in the morning
- Immunosuppression or known malignancy

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**Summary:**  
Headache in a 13-year-old male is most often benign (migraine, tension-type), but secondary causes must be excluded, especially if red flags are present. A detailed history and physical examination are essential. If any red flags or abnormal findings are present, urgent neuroimaging and further workup are indicated.

**Recommendation:**  
Obtain a detailed history and perform a focused physical and neurological examination. Escalate care if any red flags are identified. Always consult with a healthcare professional for diagnosis and management.